Guides · Science
pH Scale Basics
Acids to bases
The pH scale expresses hydrogen ion concentration; lower is acidic, higher basic. Each step is tenfold, important in chemistry, food, and health.
- pH
- acid
- base
- scale
- hydrogen ions
Interpret
0–14 scale: <7 acidic, 7 neutral, >7 basic.
Measure
Use pH strips or meters; calibrate meters regularly.
Apply
Control pH in pools, soil, food safety, and labs.
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